Strip shingle



Apr; 10, 1923.

lc F. PERRY STRIP SHING'LE alitozneq Ptente Ar. m, i

RAY l?. PERRY, OF UPPER MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIG-NOR TO THE BARRETT COMPANY, `.A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

STRIP SHINGLE.

Application led March 10, 1917.- Serial No. 154,014.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, RAY P. PERRY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Upper Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Strip Shingles, of which the following is a specification.

rlihis invention relates to the manufacture 1() of sheet roofing or construction materials, such as the articles generally designated as strip shingles. juch strip shingles are ordinarily made of a base'of roofing felt or similar material saturated with a waterproofing substance. The strips are then coated with asphalt or some equivalent material, and may be given a surface coating of a crushed mineral substance, such as slate, mica, or sand. "A smooth surface on 'a roof gives the appearance of cheapness and in order to give such a surface the appearance of being constituted' of a succession of adjacent shingles, when a plurality of these strips are placed in overlapping position upon the roof., wall, or other surface to be covered, it has hitherto been the practice either to provide one longiltudinal edge of each strip with a, series of tabs made by cutting or serrating such edge, as shown in the patent toOverbury, #1,150,- 298, granted August 17, 1915, for example; or the desired effect has been produced by omitting the surface coating of crushed mineral substance, such as slate, at spaced intei-Vals from narrow transverse portions of i the strip. In the latter case, as disclosed in the patent to Powell et al. #1,114,032, granted October 20, 1914:, since the asphalt-coated felt or similar 'base of the strip vis generally quite dark, and the coating of crushed mineral substance, such as slate, comparatively light, the omission of the latter coating, as specified, produces the desired'effect of aseries of shingles, though the strip is unitary and unserrated. yt has also been proposed, with the same end in view of simulating the appearance, in a unitary shingle strip, of a succession of separate shingles, after the felt or other strip has been saturated with the waterproofing compound, has been coated with asphalt, and `has received the surface coating of crushed mineral substance, to l apply to portions of the surface coating a superposed coating of asphalt so as to produce the desired shingle effect.

The first form of strip shingle describedl has the disadvantages that the cutting or kerfing weakens the strip'mechanically, and lessens its durability, since the severed edges are wholly unprotected, and are more liable to deteriorate rapidly under the action of moisture andthe suns heat. The second and third forms of strip shingles depend for their simulation of the shingle effect either on the omission of the mineral coating from portions of the strip, or on a further coating on certain parts of the strip of asphalt superposed on the mineral coating. Where nomineral coating is used, or where such a coating is of substantially the samel color as the strip, it is obvious that the desired effect cannot be obtained in this manner.

In the patent to McKay, #1,208,595, granted December 12, 1916, it is proposed to bring about the same general result by combining the idea of surface shading or coloring to produce shadows effects, with the idea of slightly depressing the outer or surface coating of asphalt to increase and heighten this impression. It is to be noted in this case, however, that, as made clear in this patent, the depressions are not by themselves sufficient to produce the desired-shingle effect, the effect in this case depending principally on the surface shadowing or coloring. Moreover, the depressions, which are relatively slight, are made in the superficial coating of asphalt, and not in the main or body portion of the roofing material, which is made of felt or similar material and is therefore incapable of receiving and retaining impressions of the character subsequently.

to be described. V

The object ofthe present invention, therefore, is to produce a strip shingle which shall simulatethe appearance' of a succession of adjacent shingles, but shall be free from the disadvantages of the cut or kerfed shingle strip, and shall not depend for the desired effect on the use of a mineral surface coating of different color than the base, since it may be desirable, in some cases, either to omit such mineral surface coating altogether, or to use a mine-ral coating having the same color as the base.

I obtain this very desirable result by providing the strip shingle, which may or may not have a surface coating of any desired crushed mineral substance, with a series of depressed portions or seCt-iOIlSf Such de-t v pressions or grooves may be of any desired depth or cross-section, and may extend transversely along the entire width of the strip, or may, and preferably, extend only along that portion of the strip which isI designed to be exposed to the weather. strips may be of the same thickness throughout, or, is desired, the portion to be exposed may be thicker andthe remaining portion thinner, so that the strip is tapered like a wooden shingle. The depressed portion may be of the same cross-section throughout its entire length, or, if desired, it may be tapered so that the end of the portion furthest removed from the weather edge comes out flush with the surface of the strip proper. The depression may be either straight or curved and need not be perpendicular to the longitudinal edge of the strip, though it should be transverse thereto. While the depression should have straight edges, so as to heighteny the shadow effect,A and is therefore eitheri triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal or similar in cross-section, it may be substantially semi-circular, or of any other desired shape. The number of the depressions and their depth and width are immaterial.

It is, of course, to be understood that in the articles which are the object of my invention the depressions are deep enough to provide of and by themselves the desired appearance of separate unit shingles or tiles without in any way relying on the use of pigment-ing or similar materials: of various classes to produce the desired effect.

vpatents to Woodley,

Depressions of such a character are rendered feasible and practicable by the fact that instead of the. usual felt or similar base which in the` practice hitherto, receives the asphalt or similar coating and the surface covering of mineral substance, and which, due to its inherent nature, cannot receive and retain depressions of the desired depth and character, I use a substantially homogeneous material which is capable of receiving and retaining impressions of the desired depth and character. A material of this general character is described. in the #1,156,122, granted Oct. 12, 1915, and #1,166,166, granted Dec. 28, 1915. owever, any material of this general nature, that is, any material which is substantially homogeneous and is of such a nature as to readily receive and nently retain the desired impressions may be used. Felt and the other materials hitherto used to obtain articles of the kind desired are not capable of being used for this purpose. In my devices the impressions are in the main or body portion of the construction strips, which has distributed therethrough the fibrous material, and which is of a homogeneous material capable of receiving and permanently retaining impressions of the The desired sort and not merely in any superlicial coating on such strips.

In the accompanying drawing- Fig. l illustratesin plan View one form of my invention; l

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of Fig. 1 along line 2 2;

Fig. 3 shows, in cross-section, different types of depressions which may be employed; l

Figs. 4 and 5 show, in plan view and cross-section respectively, the latter being alo-ng line 5-5 of Fig. 4, another form of my invention;

Figs. 6 and 7 are plan and cross-sectional views respectively, the lat-ter being along line IL-7 of Fig. 6, of still another form of my invention.

Fig. 8 shows in section a further modification.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 2, 'but on an enlarged scale, showing in detailed cross-section the exact nature of one of the depressions or indentations.

F ig.,10 shows in plan view still another modification.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, S is a strip of a. roofing material of .the general character described in the Woodley patents above referred to. Such a material is substantially homogeneous, is of an impress-louable fibrous bituminous nature, and is capable of receiving and permanently retaining depressions of the depth and character to produce of and by themselves, the desired shingle effect. If desired the strips may be given a thin superficial coating of asphalt or similar material s, and a surface coating of finely divided talc, soapstone or sim` 1 lar material s2. However, as made clear 1n Fig. 9, the principal part of the depressions extends into the main or body portion of the strips, considerably below the normal surface level of the asphalt coating before the strips have been provided with the depressions. In the strips are provided 2 1 series of depressions, indentations, recesses, or grooves d, d, d, which extend, as stated, into the main or body portion. of the construction strips proper a sufiicient depth to create of and by themselves, the desired shingle effect. Vhile the upper or weather surface of the strips has the face of the strips remains flat and unindented. In this case the depressions are formed by compression, which results in the .formation under each depression of a densified` reinforcing section s3 depression. Any number-of such depressions, from one up, may be employed, de'- pending on, the length of the strip, etc. In the form shown, the depressions are rectangular and of uniform cross-section and extend only across so much of the width described impressions therein, the lower surperma- (Fig. 9) under each of the stripas is intended to be exposed to the weather. In Fig. 3, I have shown various other forms of depressions which may be used, al, being a substantially triangular groove, d2 a substantially semi-circular groove, and d3 avsubstantially ltrapezoidal groove, the strip being designated by the reference character s1. Any other desired form of groove or depression may be used. These depressions may be made in any. convenient manner, the exact means employed for making them. being immaterial. The grooves may, if desired, be made by pressing the strip between rolls having projections corresponding to the depressions desired, though the depressions may, of course, bemade by hand or in any other feasible manner.

In the modification illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, the groovesor depressions lextend entirely across the width of the strip, here designated S2. While in this modification, as in the modification first described, vthe depressions may be of uniform cross-section,

- they are here shown as tapered, the depressions d4, d4, d, becoming deeper toward that edge of the strip which is designed to be exposed to the weather and shallower toward the other edge of the strip.

In the modification shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the grooves d5, d5. d5 in the strip S3 stop somewhat short of the weather edge of the strip, though they may, if desired, extend to the very edge of the weather portion of the strip. These grooves are tapered, being deepest toward the weather edge of the strip and coming out substantially flush with the surface of the strip at substantially that part of the strip which is to be` overlapped bfy the superposed shingle strip. I

In the modification illustrated in Figs. l

andl 2,1 have indicated the shingle strip ashaving the upper surface thereof entirely covered with a finely powdered mineral substance, such as talc or sOapStOne; in the modifications shown in Figs. 4 and `5 such covering hasi been omitted, while in the form of my invention illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 onlytha't portion of the strip which is designed to be exposed is vprovided with such 'a covering. Obviously, this covering may be omitted from each of the modifications, or may be applied to each, if desired,

over the whole surfacethereof orover only so much of the surface as is intended to be exposed to the weather.

The vmodification illustrated yin section in Fig. 8 is similar in all respects to the modification shown in- Figs. 6 and 7, except that in the present case the depression d6 in the strip S4 reaches to thev very end ofthe weather edge of the strip. L .v

It is possible. also, to obtain the desired effect in accordance with the spirit of my invention by making each depression discontinuous, that is, each depression may consist of a series of minor, adjacent depressions; and the claims, unless otherwise expressly limited to the contrary, are intended -to'cover discontinuous as well as continuous al', being square or rectangularg'those le't-` tered d, being diamond shaped, while those marked d10 are parallelograms. The Shape and disposition of the minor depressions are immaterial. Furthermore, my invention comprehends strip shingles which may simulate, by the proper arrangement of the depressions,` not merely a single row of shingles, but also two or more such rows.

.As a result of my invention, it is'possible to produce a unitary strip shingle producing the desired effectof being made up of a series of adjacent shingles, without, however, in any way impairing the mechanical or weathering properties of the strip, as would be the case if the strip were cut or serrated, and without depending for the desired effect on the use of a surface coating of crushed mineral substance of a color different from that of the .asphalt-coated base, since by the use of my invention such surface coating may, if desired, be omitted altogether, or a surfacing material of any desired nature or color may be used. More,- over, the depressed portions, beingy of increased density, due to their having been compressed, act as mechanical strengthening members. i

What I claim isi l. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with -a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having'l one or more transverse depressions extending into the main body por-l tion of said strip. 2.' As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main f Y body portion containing impressionable, weatherproof fibrous material, said` strip havlng one or more transverse depressions extending into the main body portion of said "strip,

3. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material,

said strip having one or more depressions extending into the main body-portion of said strip transversely across substantially that `portion of the strip which is designed to be exposed 'to the weather. Y

4. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having one or more transverse depressions extending into the main body portion of said strip7 v.said depressions being angular in cross-section.

5. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of av strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having one or more transverse depressions extending into 'the main body portion of said strip, said depressions being rectangular in cross-section.

v6. lAs an' article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having one or more transverse depressions extending into the main body portion of said strip, said depressions tapering from the weather edge towards the other edge of the strip.

7. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having one or more transverse depressions extending into the main body portion of said strip, said depressions tapering from the weather edge towards the other edge of the strip so as to come out substantially fiush with the surface of the strip at substantially that portion thereof which is designed not to be exposed to the weather.

8. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having one or more transverse depressions extending into the main body portion of said strip, the bottom of said depressions consisting of material more dense than the remaining portions of the material.

9. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip having one or more depressions extending into the main body portionY of said strip, which depressions extend transversely across substantially that portion of the strip which is designed to be exposed to the weather and taper from the weather edge towards the other edge of the strip. l

10. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle comprising a strip of substantially homogeneous, fibrous, bituminous materlal havingr one or more transverse depressionsextending into said fibrous material.

11. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle comprising a strip of impressionable, fibrous, bituminous material having one or more transverse depressions extending into said fibrous material.

homogeneous, fibrous, bituminous material' having one ormore transverse depressions extending into said fibrous material, and a thin superficial coating of bituminous material on the weather side of the strip.

14. As an article of manufacture, aystrip shingle comprising a strip of substantially homogeneous, fibrous, bituminous material, havingone or more transverse depressions lextending into said fibrous material; a thin superficial coating of.=bituminous material on the weather side of the strip; and a thin, superficial covering of finely divided mineral substance on the coating.

15. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle consisting of a strip with a main body portion containing fibrous material, said strip being coated with plastic material andhaving in said main body portion one or more predetermined transversely densified portions.

16. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle containing a strip of fibrous bituminous material, having one or more transverse depressions extending into said fibrous material, the material below the depressions being more dense than the remaining portions of the fibrous bituminous material.

17. As an article of manufacture, a strip shingle containing a strip with a main bodv portion of fibrous bituminous material, having one or more transverse depressions therein, the material below the de'- pressions being more dense than the remaining portions of the fibrous bituminous material, and a coating of bituminous material which is liquefiable by heat on the weather side of said strip.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 8th day of March A, D. 1917.

RAY P. PERRY. 

